Command less
View text one eight-row page at a time.
Synopsis
less file
producer | lessOrdinary invocation: foreground child, PID 3; the shell waits. Also has a dedicated pipe-consumer form.
Parameters
| Parameter | Meaning |
|---|---|
file | One regular MKS2 file in the standalone form. |
producer | An allowed pipe producer; the right-hand LESS takes no arguments. |
Description
Uses constant-size buffers rather than loading the entire file. BK or space advances, lowercase b goes back in a file, and lowercase q or SU+C exits. The final page is marked (END).
Backward file navigation closes and reopens the reader, then scans from the beginning to the requested display page. It can therefore be slow on long files.
A pipe is not seekable: b is ignored there. Closing the pipe reader early wakes a blocked producer and terminates its output. At EOF, advancing in pipe mode exits; in file mode it remains at the end until a valid back or quit action.
Examples
less /mnt/smp1/demo.bas
cat /mnt/smp1/demo.bas | less
help | lessLimits and side effects
- No search, line-number jump or arbitrary terminal control sequences. Letter controls are case-sensitive; switch to lowercase with R/L if necessary. File checksum verification is complete only when reading reaches EOF.
Status and diagnostics
Success is status 0. Relevant status codes: 1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 14, 15, 18. See the diagnostic reference.
See also
cat · pipe · edit · Shell syntax